小學(xué)英語(yǔ)1-6年級(jí)八個(gè)易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)



01?名詞類1.?這些女老師們?cè)诟墒裁?[誤]?What?are?the?woman?teachers?doing?[正]?What?are?the?women?teachers?doing?[析] 在英語(yǔ)中,當(dāng)一名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾另一名詞(單或復(fù)數(shù)形式)時(shí),作定語(yǔ)的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man,woman作定語(yǔ)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men, women2.?房間里有多少人?[誤]?How?many?peoples?are?there?in?the?room?[正] How many people are there in the room?[析] people作“人、人們”解時(shí),是個(gè)集合名詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)同形3. 我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí),常用“a / an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+ of + 不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu),其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時(shí),表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。
?02??動(dòng)詞類4.?你妹妹通常什么時(shí)候去上學(xué)?[誤]?What?time?does?your?sister?usually?goes?to?school?[正]?What?time?does?your?sister?usually?go?to?school?[析] 借助助動(dòng)詞do(或does)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句時(shí),句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用其原形5. 琳達(dá)晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè),但今晚她在看電視[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.[析] 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中,若主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be(am / is / are)+ving形式構(gòu)成。
6. 這雙鞋是紅色的[誤] This pair of shoes are red.[正] This pair of shoes is red.[析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成雙成對(duì)的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計(jì)量)修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定?03?代詞類7. 這張票是她的,不是我的[誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞,而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞8. 吳老師教我們英語(yǔ)[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的賓語(yǔ),因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時(shí)要用其賓格形式?04?介詞類9.?你能找到這個(gè)問題的答案嗎?[誤]?Can?you?find?the?answer?of?this?question?[正]?Can?you?find?the?answer?to?this?question?[析] 英語(yǔ)中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。
類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等10. 格林先生星期六上午來這里[誤] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.[析] 表示在上午、下午等時(shí),介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時(shí),介詞要用on.11. 那個(gè)穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時(shí),只能用in,其他介詞沒有此用法?05?副詞類12.?莉莉,你為什么不回家呢?[誤]?Lily,?why?don’t?you?go?to?home?[正]?Lily,?why?don’t?you?go?home?[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí),地點(diǎn)副詞前不加to。
?06?連詞類13. 我喜歡語(yǔ)文和英語(yǔ),但我不喜歡體育和歷史[誤] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之間用and來連接;而在否定句中,并列成分之間的連接需用or?07?冠詞類14. 乘飛機(jī)去北京花了史密斯一家人一個(gè)小時(shí)[誤] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.[析]?1.表示“……一家人”用結(jié)構(gòu)“the + 姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”;2.our 一詞的第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音,它是以元音音素開頭的,所以“一小時(shí)”要用 an hour;3.用介詞by表示“乘坐”某種交通工具時(shí),交通工具名詞前不加任何冠詞?08?句法類15. ―你不是學(xué)生嗎??―不,我是學(xué)生[誤]?―Aren’t?you?a?student??―No,?I?am.[正]?―Aren’t?you?a?student??―Yes,?I?am.[析] 對(duì)否定疑問句的回答是用Yes還是用No,這取決于實(shí)際情況:如果事實(shí)是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事實(shí)是否定的,就用No表“是的”。
16.?房間里有多少人?[誤]?How?many?peoples?are?there?in?the?room?[正]?How?many?people?are?there?in?the?room?[析] people作“人、人們”解時(shí),是個(gè)集合名詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)同形。
