2023年學(xué)歷類考試考前沖刺卷

2023年學(xué)歷類考試考前沖刺卷本卷共分為2大題50小題，作答時間為180分鐘，總分100分，60分及格一、單項選擇題（共49題，每題2分每題的備選項中，只有一個最符合題意） 1.關(guān)于化學(xué)性突觸傳遞，下列錯誤的是__A．雙向傳遞B．突觸延擱C．總和D．對內(nèi)環(huán)境變化敏感E．易疲勞 2.Passage FiveThe computer is a wonderful machine. It is the most important invention since the type of engine used in cars. Today it has the greatest effect on science, industry and business, but it is being used more in education and medicine. By the end of this century it will touch the lives of everyone, even people in distant villages. It is a revolutionary invention.The oldest kind of computer is the abacus, used in China since the sixth century. In the seventeenth century an adding machine was invented, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1973. A few years later a computer could do 5,000 additions per second. Now the computations are so fast that they are measured in nanoseconds.Today most computers are stored-program computers, that is, they have a memory. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster. Even in a large computer, the part that does the actual computing is about the size of the end of a finger.Computers can do all kinds of work. When someone buys something in a department store, in formation about the sale goes into a computer. A scientist can talk to the computer about the rocks, and the computer answers the questions. A doctor can talk to the computer and explains what is wrong with a patient. If the doctor asks why, the computer goes through its stored information and ex plains exactly why.When early humans began fanning, it was a revolutionary change in human life. It was hundreds of thousands of years later that people developed a writing system. In less than fifty years people have developed computers that can do most of the things humans can do. This could be a frightening development.The part of a computer that （） is the size of the end of a finger.A．prints the informationB．stores the informationC．does the computingD．memorizes computing3. 4.生產(chǎn)商品的社會必要勞動時間隨著生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，勞動生產(chǎn)率的提高而發(fā)生變化，這時早先生產(chǎn)的商品的A．價值與價格將隨之發(fā)生反方向的變化B．價值與價格將隨之發(fā)生同方向的變化C．價值不變，價格發(fā)生反方向的變化D．價格不變，價值發(fā)生反方向的變化 5.既能止血又能降低門靜脈壓的藥物是A．6-氨基己酸B．安絡(luò)血C．垂體后葉素D．止血敏E．抗血纖溶芳酸 6.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary ______ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.A．by thatB．a(chǎn)t thatC．on thatD．in that 7.肛裂最突出的臨床表現(xiàn)是A．排便時糞便表面帶血B．經(jīng)常便秘C．排便時和排便后肛門劇烈疼痛D．膿血便、疼痛、肛門痙攣 8.下列描述中，不符合Burkitt淋巴瘤的是A．與8號染色體上c-myc基因的易位有關(guān)B．常發(fā)生于頜骨、顱骨、面骨C．鏡下形成滿天星圖像D．不可治愈 9.期貨交易所一般實行A．合約制B．會員制C．期貨制D．合同制 10.鄧小平指出：“社會主義是共產(chǎn)主義第一階段，當(dāng)然這是一個很長很長的歷史階段。

我國之所以處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段的最根本的原因是A．存在多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)B．生產(chǎn)力不發(fā)達(dá)C．我國的主要矛盾決定的D．我國社會主義制度還不完善 11.引起不同坡度的溫度差異的主要因素是__A．風(fēng)速差異B．海拔高低差異C．太陽輻射差異D．降水幅度差異 12.應(yīng)用級網(wǎng)關(guān)類的防火墻主要進(jìn)行 ______A．?dāng)?shù)據(jù)包過濾B．應(yīng)用程序訪問過濾C．訪問規(guī)則過濾D．?dāng)?shù)據(jù)包轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) 13.Passage TwoThe difference between biological and physical science is not that one is inexact, the other exact, but in degree of exactness, this being related to the number of variables which must be dealt with simultaneously and the extent to which they can be controlled. In general, the biological sciences must deal with larger errors than the physical sciences; but this is not uniformly true, as the student will realize when he considers the accuracy of meteorological prediction or if he comprehends the meaning of the fact that the structural engineer considers it necessary very often to use a safety factor of two or three hundred per cent. The statistical principles of dealing with error of measurement, or in prediction and generalization, are the same whether the errors are large or small. Statistics is not a means of confusing issues that would otherwise be clear, nor a substitute for obtaining clear answers, but a means of checking and controlling conclusions by providing an estimate of the error to which a conclusion is subject.According to the writer, the exactness of a science is partly related to （）A．the skill of the scientistB．the extent to which variables can be controlledC．the requirements of the observerD．the development of more accurate instruments14.晏陽初提倡的四大教育不包括__A．生計教育B．文藝教育C．衛(wèi)生教育D．體育教育 15.Soft money is the huge, unlimited contributions from corporations, labor union and wealthy individuals that political parties raise and spend on campaign attack ads and other (1) designed to influence elections. The soft money system undermines campaign finance laws (2) limit contributions and (3) the sources of funds that can be spent on federal campaigns. It provides corporations, labor unions, and wealthy individuals a way to circumvent federal election laws and (4) campaigns with tens of millions of special interest dollars, (5) corporations and unions have been (6) from contributing or spending their treasury finds to influence federal elections since 1907 and 1947, (7) . Individuals can contribute to federal (8) through parties and candidates, but only in (9) amounts.The Democratic and Republican parties (10) ＄262 million in (11) money for the 1996 elections. The parties raise soft money under the (12) that it will be used for general party building activities. (13) , soft money pays for campaign ads in the way as issue discussion, political research, polling, fund raising, and get out the-vote efforts all of which affect the (14) of federal elections.Soft money was the source of the 1996 political fund-raising scandals, (15) the selling of the Lincoln bedroom, White House coffees and the influx of foreign money into the (16) campaign.The McCain-Feingold bill (17) the soft money system by prohibiting candidates and national political parties from raising soft money, and by prohibiting state political parties from (18) soft money on activities which affect federal elections. In other (19) ,the current practice of raising unlimited soft money contributions from corporations, unions and wealthy individuals, and then channeling this money into federal elections would end. The national parties would be (20) to raise all of their funds under the limits and restrictions in the law.Read tile following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, and D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)7（）A．whatB．thatC．a(chǎn)ndD．it16.China’s entry into the WTO actually represents the result of a three-sided win-win situation--China, the United States and the WTO. China, still a developing country, has a total economic capacity (1) seventh worldwide, and is the 10th largest nation (2) trade worldwide. In the 21st century, China’s economy will greatly (3) the world economy. Without China, the WTO is (4) , and its role greatly (5) Thus, China’s entry into the WTO is ,necessary for the WTO to (6) its universality. (7) the United States, China’ s entry into the WTO will realize the general needs of the development (8) and the mutual interests of Sino-U. S. (9) trade, and will help gradually solve the problem of huge deficits in the U.S. trade with China.As for China, through 13 years of difficult negotiations, China has finally realized its (10) of joining the WTO as a developing country: the bilateral agreement between China and the United States (11) this fundamental principle. China’s entry into the WTO as a developing country is (12) great significance, implying as it does that China will enjoy, according to law, a developing country’s preferential arrangements, protection of and export subsidies for its embryonic industries, as well as elastic stipulations in the tariff system. For example, China will (13) for a six-year period a 25 percent import tax rate for its auto industry; in the agriculture sector, most of markets (wheat, maize, rice, cotton, sugar, and fertilizer) will be franchised by the State so as to ensure the State has (14) means of macroeconomic control, there by (15) farmers’ interests; and the banking sector will gradually open during a transitional period. Moreover, in some sectors, the markets will still remain closed, or, at least, the ’opening of these markets has to be specifically (16) by the Chinese government. Only developing countries have the right to enjoy the above-mentioned buffer opportunities. The Sino-U. S. agreement further contains no (17) prohibiting China from adopting WTO exceptional clauses; instead, China can adopt exceptional clauses which are exclusively (18) to developing countries. This objectively recognizes that China enjoys status of a developing country and means that China can adopt such exceptional clauses as protection of its infant industries. Should its domestic markets be seriously affected or harmed by external factors China can adopt temporary measures to compensate.In short, China’s (19) to the WTO as a developing country ensures that China’s obligations to the WTO are (20) with its current development level, thus greatly reducing the negative effects to China’s industries resulting from its entry into the WTO.2（）A．prohibitingB．protectingC．projectingD．preventing17.一般而言，啟動實驗是由啟動顯示與__組成。

A．探測顯示B．目標(biāo)顯示C．干擾顯示D．分心物顯示 18.多食苦味，則A．血脈凝滯，面色無澤B．筋脈拘急，爪甲枯槁C．皮膚干燥，毫毛脫落D．皮肉皺縮，口唇干薄 19.搶救大咯血窒息患者時最緊急的措施是A．高濃度氧療B．解除呼吸道梗阻，保持氣道通暢C．靜脈注射呼吸中樞興奮劑D．進(jìn)行人工呼吸E．補(bǔ)充血容量，維持血壓 20.患者因急性左心衰入院，既往有兩次心肌梗死病史，關(guān)于心肌梗死的記錄應(yīng)放在A．現(xiàn)病史中B．既往史中C．個人史中D．現(xiàn)病史中與既往史中都要記錄E．不必記錄 21.Much social talk, (36) from casual conversation to formal (37) speech has an aim other than to convey information or to achieve agreement on disputed issues. Individuals talk and listen to one (38) , in part simply to enhance sociability--to (39) their enjoyment in being together. Sometimes this is called speech to entertain, but this traditional label has (40) been very satisfactory. Social talk serves a more important function (41) merely to pass time (42) .A great deal of the (43) and the listening that occurs (44) casual circumstances may seem to be (45) , in the sense that the discourse is relaxed, relatively formless, and expressive of strong and intimate feelings. (46) , such speaking and listening are highly valued. Normal individuals dread being deprived (47) companionship. If required to be (48) for a time, they may mm on the (49) or television, not to learn something, (50) not even to be entertained, (51) to feel the sociability of hearing human speech. The (52) purpose of much speech (including most (53) and many public speeches) is to knit together (54) closely and more pleasantly the ties of (55) .50（）A．underB．belowC．overD．a(chǎn)bove22.參與一碳單位代謝的氨基酸是A．絲氨酸、丙氨酸B．甘氨酸、酪氨酸C．賴氨酸、蛋氨酸D．甘氨酸、絲氨酸 23.__的教育哲學(xué)成為中世紀(jì)基督教教育的理論基礎(chǔ)。

A．昆體良B．奧古斯丁C．西塞羅 D阿奎那 24.某研究者為了評價拜新同治療高血壓的效果，從10家市級醫(yī)院中隨機(jī)抽取 200名高血壓患者，并隨機(jī)分為兩組，一組服用拜新同，另一組服用安慰劑，隨訪6個月，觀察血壓的變化情況，比較、分析兩組的效果，以判斷拜新同的療效這種研究屬于A．描述性研究B．病例對照研究C．隊列研究D．實驗研究E．理論研究 25.He was （） admission of the restaurant for not wearing a tie.A．deniedB．grantedC．a(chǎn)cquiredD．a(chǎn)ppealed26.Mary: Tom, would you like to go to a party this SaturdayTom: ______. What kind of partyMary: It's a birthday party.A．Sounds goodB．Looks niceC．Seems all rightD．Feels excellent 27.上盛下虛，寒痰喘咳，最宜選用A．真武湯B．金匱腎氣丸C．蘇子降氣湯D．小青龍湯 28.蘇合香丸的功用是A．清熱開竅，鎮(zhèn)驚安神B．清熱化痰，開竅定驚C．清熱開竅，化濁解毒D．芳香開竅，行氣溫中 29.完帶湯證的病變臟腑是A．心、脾B．脾、腎C．肝、脾D．肝、腎E．脾、肺 30.Some countries still have death penalty (死刑), but it no longer (61) in Britain. After a particularly (62) murder, British people would sometimes call (63) it to be brought back. In some people’s (64) , the death penalty cannot be defended for a number of (65) According to what these people (66) , the first and the most important one is that one can (67) be entirely certain that the person who is sentenced to death is (68) . The accused might well be (69) that he or she is completely innocent a few years (70) the sentence. It is often (71) that the death penalty (72) crimes. However, many crimes are (73) by a sudden and very powerful (74) . In these cases, the individual is not thinking sensibly (75) does not stop to consider the risk. Their final reason (76) the death penalty is that it sets a bad example. The laws of the society should reflect its values, If it is wrong to murder another, (77) it is also wrong for the state to execute (處死) an individual. To sum (78) , they believe the death penalty cannot be defended. There are other ways of punishing criminals and these ways should always be (79) . Obviously, these people are much more sympathetic with the accused than with the (80) . Are the societies which have abandoned death penalty safer than the others The answer is definitely negative.54（）A．a(chǎn)rgueB．proposeC．a(chǎn)ssumeD．suppose31.Would you like me ______ the radio a bitA．turning downB．to turn downC．turn downD．turned down 32.“三個代表”重要思想，在鄧小平理論的基礎(chǔ)上，創(chuàng)造性回答的問題是__。

A．什么是馬克思主義、怎樣對待馬克思主義B．什么是共產(chǎn)主義、怎樣為實現(xiàn)共產(chǎn)主義目標(biāo)而奮斗C．什么是社會主義、怎樣建設(shè)社會主義D．建設(shè)什么樣的黨、怎樣建設(shè)黨 33.消化性潰瘍的最常見合并癥是A．穿孔B．癌變C．幽門狹窄D．出血E．黏膜萎縮 34.It is seen as an effective means of business communication where relevant staff can have （） to a computer network.A．excessB．a(chǎn)ccessC．a(chǎn)ssessD．entrance35.研末調(diào)敷足心用治口瘡的藥是A．吳茱萸B．小茴香C．肉桂D．母丁香 36.Text 4During the 1990s boom Dell Computer’s customers got hooked on speed. Most were willing to pay a premium to have their computers shipped by overnight air express. But today, the equation has flipped. Customers prize cost savings over speed. Now, most of our computers [in the U. S. ] are shipped on the ground and we can still reach just about everyone within two days, says Fred Montoya, Dell’s vice president for worldwide logistics.Express air shipping isn’t in a death spiral. But recession-spooked consumers and manufacturers are less willing to pay for overnight delivery, which is three to five times more expensive than ground shipping. Even when they pay, satisfaction is not guaranteed. After September 11, security scrutiny of air freight can result in long delayswhich means roads may actually be faster. That’s another reason why the number of packages shipped by air domestically fell 7.6% in 2001. And even with the recovery under way, air express volume is forecast to rebound by just 3% this year. There’s a mass migration from air to trucks, says Jerry Levy, marketing director for air shipper Bax Global Inc.The industry’s giants are ready to roll with the change. In the past several years, Fe-dEx and UPS have rebuilt their ground networks as a series of regional hubs able to deliver most packages overnight within a 700 mile radius. Now, we can move a package in the most expedient way ground or air or a combination of both, says Tom Weidemeyer, UPS’ chief operating officer and president of its airline unit. New technologiesincluding bar coding, satellite tracking, online billing and statusare easing the transition. Even impatient customers are willing to do without overnight delivery if they know when [a shipment] will arrive, notes Brian Clancy, a principal at industry consultant Merge-Global Inc.The grounding of so much freight is solidifying the lead of UPS and FedEx. We’re able to keep business in the family that we might have lost, says William Margaritis, FedEx’s corporate vice-president for worldwide communications. His company has invested $ 700 million in a new ground-delivery network while deferring the delivery of 123 aircraft. And strict new security requirements have forced the passenger airlines to stop carrying packages for the U. S. Postal Service, notes Richard Lung, director of revenue management at United Airlines Inc. ’s cargo unit. And small shippers, whether air or truck, lack the capital to build hybrid networks. We got caught with our pants down, says Levy of Bax Global, which added a ground-delivery unit in 2000. Slow and steady really does win the race.We can learn from the beginning of the text that（）A．customers used to attach importance to fancy packaging.B．there is a radical change in customers' considerations.C．it is high time that delivery service would better quality.D．customers now tend to choose speed over cost savings.37. 38.嬰兒結(jié)核性腦膜炎早期主要表現(xiàn)為A．發(fā)熱、盜汗、消瘦B．蹙眉、皺額、凝視、嗜睡C．便秘D．食欲下降、嘔吐E．驚厥 39.下述免疫屬于非特異性免疫的是：A．患麻疹后不會再感染麻疹B．唾液內(nèi)溶菌酶的殺菌作用C．注射流行性乙型腦炎預(yù)防針D．種牛痘預(yù)防天花 40.“甘薯所在，居民便有半年之糧”，至遲在______時就可以吃到這種高產(chǎn)美味食品。

A．唐朝B．西漢C．明朝D．清朝 41.關(guān)于建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)的出讓，下列說法正確的是__A．僅限于招標(biāo)、投標(biāo)方式B．應(yīng)當(dāng)簽訂出讓合同C．建設(shè)用地使用權(quán)自出讓合同生效時設(shè)立D．是無償?shù)? 42.病理性鈣化鈣鹽量多時肉眼呈A．暗紅色團(tuán)塊狀B．黑色炭末樣C．藍(lán)色顆粒狀質(zhì)塊D．灰白色石灰樣質(zhì)塊 43.對兒童的道德發(fā)展提出3水平6階段道德發(fā)展理論的是（）A．皮亞杰B．柯爾伯格C．杜威D．弗洛伊德 44.______ right now, she would get there on Sunday.A．Would she leaveB．If she leavesC．Were she to leaveD．If she had left 45.銷售專家認(rèn)為，在一個不再擴(kuò)張的市場中，一個公司最佳的銷售策略就是追求最大的市場份額，而達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最佳方式就是做一些能突出競爭對手 缺點(diǎn)的比較廣告在國內(nèi)蕭條的奶粉市場中，A牌奶粉與B牌奶粉進(jìn)行了兩年的比較廣告戰(zhàn)，相互指責(zé)對方產(chǎn)品對嬰兒的健康造成有害影響。

然而，這些廣告戰(zhàn)并沒 有使各自的市場份額增大，反而使很多人不再購買任何品牌的國產(chǎn)奶粉　　以上陳述最強(qiáng)地支持下面哪一個結(jié)論A．不應(yīng)該在一個正在擴(kuò)張或可能擴(kuò)張的市場中使用比較廣告B．比較廣告冒有使它們的目標(biāo)市場不是擴(kuò)張而是收縮的風(fēng)險C．比較廣告不會產(chǎn)生任何長期效益，除非消費(fèi)者能很容易地判斷那些廣告的正確性D．如果一個公司的產(chǎn)品比其競爭對手產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量明顯高出一籌的話，比較廣告在任何情況下都能增加該公司產(chǎn)品的市場份額 46.設(shè)A是任-n(n≥3)階方陣，A*是其伴隨矩陣，又k為常數(shù)，且k≠0，±1，則必有(kA)*=______．A．kA*B．kn-1A*C．knA*D．k-1A* 47.適用死緩必須具備的條件是__A．犯罪分子有悔改表現(xiàn)B．犯罪分子有立功表現(xiàn)C．罪不當(dāng)死D．不是必須立即執(zhí)行死刑 48.下列句子中，（）與“螞蟻搖頭晃腦捋著觸須，猛然間想透了什么，轉(zhuǎn)身疾行而去”運(yùn)用的修辭手法相同A．那個柿子多半是因為長在太高的樹梢上，才沒有讓人摘下來B．如果以樂器來對應(yīng)四季，我想春天應(yīng)該是小號，夏天是定音鼓，秋天是大提琴，冬天是圓號和長笛。

C．這里的水卻不同，要說多也不算太多，但股股疊疊都精神煥發(fā)，合在一起比賽著奔騰的力量D．我回到寫字臺前，把《野草》闔上，我吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，那一顆透明的紅心也在書上燃燒49.If motorists had to pay an extra tax to drive in cities, they （） their cars a lot less.A. useB. will useC. usedD. would use二、多項選擇題（共49題，每題2分每題的備選項中，有多個符合題意） 1.人民法院在處理相鄰房屋滴水糾紛時，對有過錯的一方造成他方損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)令其A．排除妨礙B．消除危險C．賠禮道歉D．賠償損失。