高中英語語法知識點總結(jié)：將來時
考向一 ?一般將來時1.shall用于第一人稱，常被will?所代替will?在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點回家好嗎？2. be going to +不定式，表示將來a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？b. 計劃或安排要發(fā)生的事The play is going to be produced next month這出戲下月開播c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了3.be +不定式表將來，按計劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我們下星期六討論這份報告4.be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。
注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week?等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用5.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來a. 下列動詞come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般現(xiàn)在時可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點開—When does the bus star? 汽車什么時候開？—It stars in ten minutes. 十分鐘后b. 以here，there等開始的倒裝句，表示動作正在進行Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 車來了There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 鈴響了c. 在時間或條件句中When Bill comes不是will come., ask him to wait for me.?比爾來后，讓他等我I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。
d. 在動詞hope，take care that，make sure that等的賓語從句中I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務必把窗戶關(guān)了6.用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來下列動詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進行時可以表示將來I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了Are you staying here till next week? 你會在這兒待到下周嗎？【易混辨析】考向二 ?過去將來時1. 過去將來時的定義過去將來時主要用于表示過去某個時候看來即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)He said he would come here next Friday. 他說他下周五來這兒I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道當我們陷入困境時他會幫助我們。
2. 過去將來時的結(jié)構(gòu)（1）?would +?動詞原形She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告訴我們說她將一切努力在本學期趕上其他同學When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 當你請李雷幫忙時，他絕不會拒絕2）was / were going to +?動詞原形He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告訴我說他要參加那次會議He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他說將要派我去火車站接她3）was / were to +?動詞原形The building was to be completed next month. 這座建筑該在下個月竣工Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李雷很快就要到了4）was / were about to +?動詞原形。
We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我們要離開時，天突然下起了大雨He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中飯的時候，門鈴響了5）was / were +現(xiàn)在分詞He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我們接到通知說領導們很快要來我們學校?3. 過去將來時的用法（1）過去將來時，一般用于主句為過去時的賓語從句中He said he would stay with us. 他說他要與我們待在一起He said he would never go there again. 他說他絕不會再去那兒2）過去將來時，用于虛擬語氣中If I were you, I would not do that. 如果我是你的話，我就不會那樣做If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在這兒，他就會向我們展示該如何做了。
歸納拓展】was / were going to + 動詞原形，was / were to +?動詞原形，was / were about to +?動詞原形等結(jié)構(gòu)都可表達當時一種未曾實現(xiàn)的意圖或打算The conference was going to be held the next month. 會議下個月開We were to have our class at eight. 八點我們該上課了。
